PGE2 is used medically to induce labor and cervical ripening as dinoprostone gel or insert and serves as a research tool for studying inflammation pain fever smooth muscle contraction and gastrointestinal mucosal protection.

It mediates physiological processes including vasodilation smooth muscle relaxation or contraction via EP1-4 receptors inflammation renal blood flow regulation and inhibition of gastric acid secretion through increased cAMP and calcium signaling pathw

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) also known as dinoprostone is a lipid compound it featuring a cyclopentanone ring with hydroxyl groups a carboxylic acid chain and a side chain with a double bond and hydroxyl synthesized from arachidonic acid via cyclooxygenase enzymes.